Turkey straddles two continents —
and its industrial history reflects that blend.
In the late Ottoman period, industrialization lagged behind Europe.
Small workshops, limited infrastructure, and debt to European powers
meant the empire entered the 20th century at an economic disadvantage.
But after the founding of the Turkish Republic in 1923,
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk launched sweeping reforms:
state-owned enterprises, railways, and textile factories
were prioritized in the name of national self-reliance.
By the 1960s and '70s, Turkey pursued import-substitution industrialization,
building up heavy industry, machinery, and chemicals
with strong state guidance.
Then came the liberalization of the 1980s —
under Turgut Özal, the economy opened to foreign investment and exports.
Today, Turkey is a regional industrial powerhouse.
Its industries include automobiles, appliances, defense tech, and construction.
I opened 온라인카지노 while browsing an infographic on Turkish drone exports —
a symbol of the country’s growing high-tech ambition.
Through 우리카지노, I posted a picture of Istanbul’s urban skyline rising behind a shipyard,
captioned: “Bridging worlds — and building them.”
Turkey’s industrial success comes from flexibility —
balancing east and west, state and market, past and future.